Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) yog dav siv los ua ib qho hluav taws xob insulator thiab arc-quenching gas hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xa mus thiab cov khoom xa tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li xyoo 1995, qhov nce tsis tu ncua ntawm atmospheric SF6 concentrations tau pom, nrog cov emissions txawm nce. Tsis tas li ntawd, SF6 muaj lub neej ntev ntawm huab cua, ua rau nws cov huab cua cuam tshuam yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab. Thaum lub ntiaj teb lub neej ntawm SF6 yog qhov nyuaj rau kwv yees qhov tseeb, nws yog kwv yees li 850 xyoo. Yog li, kev siv SF6 ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev txhawj xeeb no, SF6 tsis tuaj yeem txwv tam sim ntawd hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob thaum tsis muaj lwm yam thev naus laus zis. Hloov chaw, kev ntsuas los txo SF6 emissions tau siv. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog qhov tshwm sim ntau thiab ntau dua SF6-dawb lwm txoj hauv kev rau ntau yam kev siv, nws yog qhov pom tau tias SF6 txwv rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob yuav raug siv rau yav tom ntej.
Nruab nrab voltage
Nruab nrab Voltage Switchgear yog muab faib ua thawj thiab theem nrab switchgear. Thawj switchgear, ntsia ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm siab -voltage thiab nruab nrab-voltage tes hauj lwm, feem ntau yog nruab nrog Circuit Court breakers. Secondary switchgear, ntsia ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm nruab nrab -voltage thiab low-voltage networks, feem ntau yog nruab nrog cov hloov pauv ntau dua li cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Kev lig kev cai, huab cua-insulated switchgear (AIS) thiab roj-insulated switchgear (GIS) muaj nyob hauv nruab nrab-voltage networks; tom kawg yog ntau compact thiab ywj siab ntawm sab nraud tej yam kev mob (sau nrog ambient cua). Qhov chaw tso cai, AIS nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum (VCBs) tuaj yeem xaiv. GIS lwm txoj hauv kev rau nruab nrab-voltage faib tuaj yeem pom tsis yog nrog lwm cov roj hluav taws xob nkaus xwb tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom siv (xws li) thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev ua kua (piv txwv li) nrog rau VCBs. Qee yam ntawm cov khoom no tau nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam rau ntau tshaj kaum xyoo. Hais txog lwm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, cua dag cua ntawm qhov siab siab txog 1.4 bar (txog 12 kV) thiab cua nrog C5-PFK ntawm 1.4 bar (txog 36 kV) yog muaj raws li cov khoom siv nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum breakers ua cov khoom tseem ceeb. Hauv kev hloov pauv theem nrab, LBS kev ua haujlwm tam sim no tau ua raws li kev sib txuas lus yooj yim kos rau hauv SF6, muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam qhov feem ntau 630 A nominal tam sim no. Qhov no, tsis muaj kev pab tshwj xeeb, tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog tsis yog -SF6 gases txog tam sim no, tab sis tuaj yeem hais los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev cuam tshuam. Rau qee qhov kev lag luam ntawm nruab nrab-voltage thawj thiab theem nrab switchgear, SF6-dawb cov kev daws teeb meem tau tsim thiab muab los ua cov khoom lag luam. Thaum txuas ntxiv qee qhov kev daws teeb meem rau cov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau dua lossis cov qib tam sim no yog qhov nyuaj dua (piv txwv li, kev sib tw thermal txias ntawm cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev), tsis muaj laj thawj vim li cas SF6-dawb cov kev daws teeb meem tsis tuaj yeem tsim rau txhua daim ntawv thov. Tau kawg, muab cov khoom tshiab hauv cov lag luam me me yog qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev lag luam, tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov kev sib cav rau kev hloov SF6 hauv MV khoom. Cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau hloov pauv hauv lawv qhov kev teeb tsa substation thiab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev yuav khoom SF6-dawb cov cuab yeej nrog cov uas lees txais cov txheej txheem ib txwm ua thiab kev teeb tsa. Cov kev cai tuaj yeem txhawb txoj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev sib cav txog kev lag luam, vim tias kev siv tshuab los ntawm ntau xyoo dhau los yuav pheej yig dua.
High Voltage
AIS nyob rau hauv high voltage yog (yuav luag) tshwj xeeb rau kev siv sab nraum zoov vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me. "CO2"-raws li lwm yam Circuit Court breakers muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam mus txog 145 kV thiab 40 kA. Kev siv tsis yog- pa hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev thiab hloov cov xov xwm hauv siab -voltage switchgear yog qhov nyuaj dua li hauv nruab nrab-voltage switchgear. Khoom-insulated siab-voltage cables muaj nyob, tab sis cov txheej txheem extrusion tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv siab-voltage switchgear tsim. Daim ntawv- roj rwb thaiv tsev yog siv nyob rau hauv HV cables, fais fab mov, thiab transformers, tab sis tsis zoo li yuav siv nyob rau hauv HV switchgear. Yog li ntawd, kev rwb thaiv tsev tsuas yog txiav txim siab tsuas yog hauv cov pa roj-cov qauv tsim hluav taws xob, thiab kev hloov pauv xav txog roj thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev. Kev ua lag luam tseem ceeb rau HV GIS yog qib voltage mus txog 145/170 kV, uas yog qhov chaw tsim khoom loj tau hais txog nws ua ntej. Muaj ntau cov kev daws teeb meem kev lag luam muaj: compressed cua nrog VCB, cua ua ke nrog C5-PFK, thiab CO2 / O2 ua ke nrog C4-PFN. Rau tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem no, muaj kev teeb tsa thawj zaug, tab sis kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv mus. Kev txhim kho ntawm C4-PFN- raws li cov kev daws teeb meem tau tshaj tawm, ncav cuag 420 kV los ntawm 2022. Ib ob- kauj ruam rov qab ntawm 380 kV SF6 substations nrog C5-PFK-raws li cov kev daws teeb meem tau tshaj tawm, nrog rau kev npaj ua rau SF6 substations yog tag nrho. tsis paub cov laj thawj qhia tias nws yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem tsim kho SF6-dawb cov kev daws teeb meem rau txhua qib high-voltage. Kev tsim kho SF6-dawb substations yog qhov nyuaj tshaj li kev txhim kho nruab nrab-voltage switchgear, tab sis cov kev cai txhim khu kev qha ntawm no tuaj yeem txhawb kev lag luam thiab ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau SF6-dawb substations. Los ntawm tus neeg siv qhov kev xav, xav tau kev rov xav dua; tsis yog txhua tus neeg tsim khoom nyiam ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo (tsis zoo li SF6). Nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov kev xaiv sib txawv (qhov loj me, qhov ntsuas kub tsawg kawg nkaus, lub peev xwm ua kom sov hauv ntiaj teb, tsis muaj F-gas, yooj yim ntawm kev siv roj, thiab lwm yam), cov kev siv thev naus laus zis sib txawv yuav nyiam, thiab lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua ke.
